Nursing Entrance Exam (NEX) Practice Exam

What term describes the complete set of genes in an individual?

1. A chromosomal pattern

2. Specific DNA

3. Cellular identity

4. The human genome

The correct answer is: The human genome

The term that describes the complete set of genes in an individual is the human genome. The human genome encompasses all of the genetic information encoded in the DNA of a human being, including the genes that dictate various biological functions and traits. It is a comprehensive library of instructions required for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of humans. Understanding the human genome is crucial in various fields such as genetics, medicine, and biotechnology, as it allows scientists and healthcare professionals to study genetic diseases, understand hereditary traits, and explore potential gene therapies. The sequencing of the human genome has enabled researchers to identify genes associated with certain conditions and to investigate the complexities of human biology comprehensively. Other terms like chromosomal pattern, specific DNA, and cellular identity do not fully capture the idea of the entire genetic makeup and instead refer to aspects or characteristics of genetic material. The chromosomal pattern refers to the organization of chromosomes that carry genetic information, specific DNA may point to individual strands or sequences, and cellular identity denotes how cells differentiate and function based on the genes they express. However, none of these encompasses the complete genetic blueprint that is represented by the human genome.